A stent is a small, expandable tube that can be inserted into a blood vessel and expanded using a small balloon during a procedure called angioplasty. A stent is used to open a narrowed or blocked blood vessel.
When the balloon inside the stent is inflated, the stent expands and presses against the walls of the artery. This traps any fat and calcium buildup against the walls of the artery and allows blood to flow through the artery. The stent helps prevent the artery from closing again (restenosis).
To insert the stent, a flexible, thin tube (catheter) is passed through an artery in the groin or arm into the narrowed artery. Then the balloon inside the stent is inflated.
Some stents, called drug-eluting stents, are coated with a medicine to more effectively prevent restenosis.